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Nematode community, trophic structure and population fluctuation in soybean fields

Temporal (monthly in three fields for 12 months) and spatial (once in 23 fields during March-April) samplings were conducted in the major soybean (Glycine max)-growing region of the Brazilian Federal District. Fifty-three nematode genera were found in both samplings, but 13 were detected only by the...

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Main Authors: Gomes, Gilmar S., Huang, Shiou P., Cares, Juvenil E.
Format: Artigo
Language: English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia 2017
Subjects:
Glycine max
population dynamics
nematode ecology
temporal and spatial samplings
functional groups
Online Access: http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/26004
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spelling ir-10482-260042019-03-28T14:04:51Z Nematode community, trophic structure and population fluctuation in soybean fields Comunidade de nematóides, estrutura trófica e flutuação populacional em plantações de soja Gomes, Gilmar S. Huang, Shiou P. Cares, Juvenil E. Glycine max population dynamics nematode ecology temporal and spatial samplings functional groups Temporal (monthly in three fields for 12 months) and spatial (once in 23 fields during March-April) samplings were conducted in the major soybean (Glycine max)-growing region of the Brazilian Federal District. Fifty-three nematode genera were found in both samplings, but 13 were detected only by the temporal sampling, and one only by the spatial sampling. Fifty-three percent were plant-parasites, 35% were bacterivores, and about 12% were fungivores, predators and omnivores constituted the community that was dominated by the genera Helicotylenchus (40% of total abundance), Acrobeles (15%), Cephalobus (7.6%), Meloidogyne(5.6%) and Pratylenchus (4.9%). Heterodera glycines was not found in this study. There were no differences in ten ecological measurements [Ds, H', Es, T, FF/BF, (FF+BF)/PP, MI, PPI, mMI, and Dorylaimida (%)] between the two sampling types, but differences in indexes d and J'. Plant parasite populations dropped at the end of the crop cycle, remained at low levels during the dry season and the seedling period, then increased again in the crop-growing season. Fungivores maintained their low populations throughout the year, increasing only in June and July, the post-harvest period, when soil fungi decomposed root tissue. The population of bacterivores slightly declined during the dry season and the initial rainy season, but peaked in the middle of the rainy season, apparently associated with soil humidity. In the five most abundant nematodes, those of Acrobeles and Pratylenchus were more populous in wet soils, Cephalobus and Meloidogyne adapted well in dry soils, but Helicotylenchus survived abundantly in a wide range of soil moisture. Amostragens temporal (mensalmente em três campos por 12 meses) e espacial (uma vez, em 23 campos, de março a abril) foram feitas na principal região sojícola do Distrito Federal. Nos dois tipos de amostragem foram encontrados 53 gêneros de nematóides, sendo 13 deles detectados apenas pela temporal e um somente pela espacial. Do total, 53% foram fitoparasitos, 35% bacteriófagos e cerca de 12% micófagos, predadores e onívoros. Esses constituíram a comunidade de nematóides, dominada por Helicotylenchus (40% da abundância total), Acrobeles (15%), Cephalobus (7,6%), Meloidogyne (5,6%) e Pratylenchus (4,9%). Heterodera glycines não foi encontrado neste estudo. Não houve diferença quanto aos índices Ds, H', Es, T, FF/BF, (FF+BF)/PP, MI, PPI, mMI e Dorylaimida (%) entre as duas amostragens, mas houve diferença quanto aos índices d e J'. Os fitoparasitas tiveram populações reduzidas no final do ciclo da cultura, se mantiveram em nível baixo na estação seca e no período de desenvolvimento inicial das plantas, aumentando durante o crescimento das mesmas. Os micófagos se mantiveram em baixa população durante o ano, mas se elevaram em junho e julho, período de pós-colheita, em que raízes se encontravam em decomposição por fungos do solo. Os bacteriófagos tiveram suas populações ligeiramente reduzidas durante a seca e a fase inicial das chuvas, mas se elevaram no meio da estação chuvosa, estando, aparentemente, associadas à alta umidade do solo. Dentre os cinco gêneros mais abundantes, Acrobeles e Pratylenchus povoaram mais solos úmidos, enquanto Cephalobus e Meloidogyne adaptaram bem em solos secos, mas Helicotylenchus sobreviveu abundantamente numa grande faixa de umidade. 2017-12-07T04:37:41Z 2017-12-07T04:37:41Z 2003 Artigo Fitopatol. bras.,v.28,n.3,p.258-266,2003 0100-4158 http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/26004 10.1590/S0100-41582003000300006 en Acesso Aberto application/pdf Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582003000300006&lng=en&nrm=iso http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0100-41582003000300006&lng=en&nrm=iso http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S0100-41582003000300006&lng=en&nrm=iso
institution REPOSITORIO UNB
collection REPOSITORIO UNB
language English
topic Glycine max
population dynamics
nematode ecology
temporal and spatial samplings
functional groups
spellingShingle Glycine max
population dynamics
nematode ecology
temporal and spatial samplings
functional groups
Gomes, Gilmar S.
Huang, Shiou P.
Cares, Juvenil E.
Nematode community, trophic structure and population fluctuation in soybean fields
description Temporal (monthly in three fields for 12 months) and spatial (once in 23 fields during March-April) samplings were conducted in the major soybean (Glycine max)-growing region of the Brazilian Federal District. Fifty-three nematode genera were found in both samplings, but 13 were detected only by the temporal sampling, and one only by the spatial sampling. Fifty-three percent were plant-parasites, 35% were bacterivores, and about 12% were fungivores, predators and omnivores constituted the community that was dominated by the genera Helicotylenchus (40% of total abundance), Acrobeles (15%), Cephalobus (7.6%), Meloidogyne(5.6%) and Pratylenchus (4.9%). Heterodera glycines was not found in this study. There were no differences in ten ecological measurements [Ds, H', Es, T, FF/BF, (FF+BF)/PP, MI, PPI, mMI, and Dorylaimida (%)] between the two sampling types, but differences in indexes d and J'. Plant parasite populations dropped at the end of the crop cycle, remained at low levels during the dry season and the seedling period, then increased again in the crop-growing season. Fungivores maintained their low populations throughout the year, increasing only in June and July, the post-harvest period, when soil fungi decomposed root tissue. The population of bacterivores slightly declined during the dry season and the initial rainy season, but peaked in the middle of the rainy season, apparently associated with soil humidity. In the five most abundant nematodes, those of Acrobeles and Pratylenchus were more populous in wet soils, Cephalobus and Meloidogyne adapted well in dry soils, but Helicotylenchus survived abundantly in a wide range of soil moisture.
format Artigo
author Gomes, Gilmar S.
Huang, Shiou P.
Cares, Juvenil E.
author_sort Gomes, Gilmar S.
title Nematode community, trophic structure and population fluctuation in soybean fields
title_short Nematode community, trophic structure and population fluctuation in soybean fields
title_full Nematode community, trophic structure and population fluctuation in soybean fields
title_fullStr Nematode community, trophic structure and population fluctuation in soybean fields
title_full_unstemmed Nematode community, trophic structure and population fluctuation in soybean fields
title_sort nematode community, trophic structure and population fluctuation in soybean fields
publisher Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia
publishDate 2017
url http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/26004
_version_ 1641988586624516096
score 13.657419

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