An analysis of homicides in Recife, Brazil
In Brazil, since 2000, approximately 50,000 people are murdered every year. In a span of 30 years (1980 – 2010), more than 1 million homicides were registered. In 2012, the homicide rate in Brazil was 29 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants. All Brazilian states exceed the threshold of epidemic esta...
| Main Author: | PEREIRA, Débora Viana e Sousa |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | MOTA, Caroline Maria de Miranda |
| Format: | doctoralThesis |
| Language: | eng |
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Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
2017
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https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18731 |
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ir-123456789-187312018-09-27T20:57:40Z An analysis of homicides in Recife, Brazil PEREIRA, Débora Viana e Sousa MOTA, Caroline Maria de Miranda ANDRESEN, Martin Alexander http://lattes.cnpq.br/2732904045989428 http://lattes.cnpq.br/7211565565446890 Homicide Temporal analysis Spatial analysis Environmental analysis Social disorganization theory Routine activity theory Multicriteria decision aid Vulnerability Homicídios Análise temporal Análise espacial Análise ambiental Teoria da desorganização social Teoria das atividades de rotina Apoio multicritério à decisão Vulnerabilidade In Brazil, since 2000, approximately 50,000 people are murdered every year. In a span of 30 years (1980 – 2010), more than 1 million homicides were registered. In 2012, the homicide rate in Brazil was 29 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants. All Brazilian states exceed the threshold of epidemic established by World Health Organization. In this context, the present study has the objective of to investigate homicides in Recife, taking into account temporal, spatial, environmental, and multicriteria analysis. The temporal analysis shows that the difference of homicides between seasons and months is not statistically significant. However, there is a significant increase in homicides during the weekends (42 percent of all homicides) and evenings (62 percent). Moreover, the spatial results show that the spatial patterns are different within the temporal dimensions in many cases. The findings from spatial analysis reveal that homicides are very concentrated in the city of Recife and in a time span of five years (20092013) all the homicides occurred in less than 10 percent of the street segments. In addition, our test showed that the spatial pattern was not stable over the years. However, when we consider the temporal dimensions (as suggested by temporal analysis), the patterns were stable along the years – except for weekdays and night/dawn. Furthermore, through the environmental analysis, we found that inequality, rented houses, and number of residents have a positive relationship with homicide. On the other hand, income, education, public illumination, population density, and street network density have a negative relationship. The findings of these analyses indicate that homicide in Recife can be understood by the perspective of social disorganization theory and routine activity theory. Finally, multicriteria approach was applied to highlight vulnerable areas to homicide in Recife. We considered six variables to evaluate vulnerability and the areas were identified by PROMETHEE II method and local Moran’s I. Other application was made in Boa Viagem neighborhood, so we were able to perform a more detailed analysis. Three different approaches were tested for Boa Viagem and we suggested some actions in order to reduce criminality in long term. FACEPE CAPES No Brasil, desde 2000, aproximadamente 50,000 foram mortas todos os anos. Em um espaço de 30 anos (1980 – 2000), mais de 1 milhão de homicídios foram registrados. Em 2012, a taxa de homicídio no Brasil era 29 homicídios para cada 100,000 habitantes. Todos os estados brasileiros excedem o limite de epidemia estabelecido pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de investigar os homicídios em Recife, levando em consideração análises temporal, espacial, ambiental e multicritério. A análise temporal mostra que a diferença de homicídios entre estações do ano e meses não é estatisticamente significativa. Porém, existe um aumento significante de homicídios durante os finais de semana (42 por cento de todos os homicídios) e noites (62 por cento). E ainda, os resultados espaciais mostram que os padrões espaciais são diferentes dento das dimensões temporais em muitos casos. Os achados da análise espacial revelam que homicídios são muito concentrados na cidade do Recife e que em um espaço de tempo de cinco anos (2009-2013) todos os homicídios ocorreram em menos de 10 por cento dos segmentos de rua. E ainda, o teste do padrão dos pontos espaciais mostrou que os padrões espaciais não foram estáveis no decorrer dos anos. Porém, quando se considera das dimensões temporais (como sugerido pela análise temporal), os padrões foram estáveis ao longo dos anos – com exceção de dias de semana e noites/madrugadas. Além disso, através da análise ambiental encontrou-se que desigualdade, casas alugadas e número de residentes têm uma relação positiva com homicídio. Por outro lado, renda, educação, iluminação pública, densidade populacional e densidade da rede de ruas têm uma relação negativa. Os achados dessas análises indicam que os homicídios em Recife podem ser entendidos pela perspectiva da teoria da desorganização social e da teoria das atividades de rotina. Finalmente, abordagem multicritério foi aplicada para destacar áreas vulneráveis aos homicídios em Recife. Considerou-se seis variáveis para avaliar a vulnerabilidade e as áreas foram identificados pelo PROMETHEE II e pelo índice local de Moran. Outra aplicação foi feita no bairro de Boa Viagem e foi possível realizar uma análise mais detalhada. Três diferentes abordagens foram testadas para Boa Viagem e sugeriu-se algumas ações no sentido de reduzir a criminalidade no longo prazo. 2017-05-08T14:34:09Z 2017-05-08T14:34:09Z 2016-08-01 doctoralThesis https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18731 eng Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE Brasil Programa de Pos Graduacao em Engenharia de Producao |
| institution |
REPOSITORIO UFPE |
| collection |
REPOSITORIO UFPE |
| language |
eng |
| topic |
Homicide Temporal analysis Spatial analysis Environmental analysis Social disorganization theory Routine activity theory Multicriteria decision aid Vulnerability Homicídios Análise temporal Análise espacial Análise ambiental Teoria da desorganização social Teoria das atividades de rotina Apoio multicritério à decisão Vulnerabilidade |
| spellingShingle |
Homicide Temporal analysis Spatial analysis Environmental analysis Social disorganization theory Routine activity theory Multicriteria decision aid Vulnerability Homicídios Análise temporal Análise espacial Análise ambiental Teoria da desorganização social Teoria das atividades de rotina Apoio multicritério à decisão Vulnerabilidade PEREIRA, Débora Viana e Sousa An analysis of homicides in Recife, Brazil |
| description |
In Brazil, since 2000, approximately 50,000 people are murdered every year. In a span of 30
years (1980 – 2010), more than 1 million homicides were registered. In 2012, the homicide rate
in Brazil was 29 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants. All Brazilian states exceed the threshold
of epidemic established by World Health Organization. In this context, the present study has
the objective of to investigate homicides in Recife, taking into account temporal, spatial,
environmental, and multicriteria analysis. The temporal analysis shows that the difference of
homicides between seasons and months is not statistically significant. However, there is a
significant increase in homicides during the weekends (42 percent of all homicides) and
evenings (62 percent). Moreover, the spatial results show that the spatial patterns are different
within the temporal dimensions in many cases. The findings from spatial analysis reveal that
homicides are very concentrated in the city of Recife and in a time span of five years (20092013)
all the homicides occurred in less than 10 percent of the street segments. In addition, our
test showed that the spatial pattern was not stable over the years. However, when we consider
the temporal dimensions (as suggested by temporal analysis), the patterns were stable along the
years – except for weekdays and night/dawn. Furthermore, through the environmental analysis,
we found that inequality, rented houses, and number of residents have a positive relationship
with homicide. On the other hand, income, education, public illumination, population density,
and street network density have a negative relationship. The findings of these analyses indicate
that homicide in Recife can be understood by the perspective of social disorganization theory
and routine activity theory. Finally, multicriteria approach was applied to highlight vulnerable
areas to homicide in Recife. We considered six variables to evaluate vulnerability and the areas
were identified by PROMETHEE II method and local Moran’s I. Other application was made
in Boa Viagem neighborhood, so we were able to perform a more detailed analysis. Three
different approaches were tested for Boa Viagem and we suggested some actions in order to
reduce criminality in long term. |
| author2 |
MOTA, Caroline Maria de Miranda |
| format |
doctoralThesis |
| author |
PEREIRA, Débora Viana e Sousa |
| author_sort |
PEREIRA, Débora Viana e Sousa |
| title |
An analysis of homicides in Recife, Brazil |
| title_short |
An analysis of homicides in Recife, Brazil |
| title_full |
An analysis of homicides in Recife, Brazil |
| title_fullStr |
An analysis of homicides in Recife, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed |
An analysis of homicides in Recife, Brazil |
| title_sort |
analysis of homicides in recife, brazil |
| publisher |
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18731 |
| _version_ |
1641986944443351040 |
| score |
13.657419 |